Ext2 stands for second extended file system Ext2 does not have journaling feature. Maximum individual file size can be from 16 GB to 2 TB. Overall ext2 file system size can be from 2 TB to 32 TB
Convert ext2 to ext3
umount /dev/sda2
tune2fs -j /dev/sda2
mount /dev/sda2 /home
Ext3 stands for the third extended file system. The main benefit of ext3 is that it allows journaling. Journaling has a dedicated area in the file system, where all the changes are tracked. When the system crashes, the possibility of file system corruption is less because of journaling. Maximum individual file size can be from 16 GB to 2 TB. Overall ext3 file system size can be from 2 TB to 32 TB. You can convert a ext2 file system to ext3 file system directly (without backup/restore).
mkfs.ext3 /dev/sda1
mke2fs –j /dev/sda1
Convert ext3 to ext4
umount /dev/sda2
tune2fs -O extents,uninit_bg,dir_index /dev/sda2
e2fsck -pf /dev/sda2
mount /dev/sda2 /home
Ext4 stands for fourth extended file system. Maximum individual file size can be from 16 GB to 16 TB Overall maximum ext4 file system size is 1 EB (exabyte). 1 EB = 1024 PB (petabyte). 1 PB = 1024 TB (terabyte). Directory can contain a maximum of 64,000 subdirectories (as opposed to 32,000 in ext3)
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
mke2fs -t ext4 /dev/sda1
An XFS filesystem can reside on a regular disk partition or on a logical volume. An XFS filesystem has up to three parts: a data section, a log section, and a realtime section. On Centos/RHEL you need to add the xfsprogs utility
yum install xfsprogs
[voyager] (~) >>> mkfs.xfs -f /dev/xvdc1
meta-data=/dev/xvdc1 isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=6553514 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=26214055, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=12799, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[voyager] (~) >>> mount -t xfs /dev/xvdc1 /xfs
[voyager] (~) >>> df -T
Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda2 ext3 25544012 2376700 21869752 10% /
tmpfs tmpfs 957168 0 957168 0% /dev/shm
/dev/xvda1 ext3 253871 100612 140152 42% /boot
/dev/xvdc1 xfs 104805024 32928 104772096 1% /xf
On Ubuntu you would need to install the xfsprogs utility:
apt-get install xfsprogs
mkfs.xfs -f /dev/xvdc1
[solaris] (~) >>> df -T
Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda2 ext3 25555836 1067860 23189800 5% /
none devtmpfs 1003744 132 1003612 1% /dev
none tmpfs 1058932 0 1058932 0% /dev/shm
none tmpfs 1058932 44 1058888 1% /var/run
none tmpfs 1058932 0 1058932 0% /var/lock
none tmpfs 1058932 0 1058932 0% /lib/init/rw
/dev/xvda1 ext3 240972 19246 209285 9% /boot
/dev/xvdc1 xfs 26197220 4256 26192964 1% /xfs
xfs_check device
umount /xfs
[voyager] (~) >>> xfs_check /dev/xvdc1
xfs_repair deviceReiserFS is a general-purpose, journaled computer file system designed and implemented by a team at Namesys led by Hans Reiser.
By default Centos/RHEL does not include support for ReiserFS without adding the Epel repo
rpm --import http://elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
rpm -Uvh http://elrepo.org/elrepo-release-6-5.el6.elrepo.noarch.rpm
yum install kmod-reiserfs reiserfs-utils
/sbin/mkfs.reiserfs /dev/xvdc1
mount -t reiserfs /dev/xvdc1 /reiserfstest
[voyager] (~) >>> df -T
Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda2 ext3 25544012 2373176 21873276 10% /
tmpfs tmpfs 957168 0 957168 0% /dev/shm
/dev/xvda1 ext3 253871 100612 140152 42% /boot
/dev/xvdc1 reiserfs 104852988 32840 104820148 1% /reiserfstest
For Ubuntu you need to install the reiserfsprogs utility
apt-get install reiserfsprogs
/sbin/mkfs.reiserfs /dev/xvdc1
[solaris] (~) >>> df -T
Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda2 ext3 25555836 1062832 23194828 5% /
none devtmpfs 1003744 132 1003612 1% /dev
none tmpfs 1058932 0 1058932 0% /dev/shm
none tmpfs 1058932 40 1058892 1% /var/run
none tmpfs 1058932 0 1058932 0% /var/lock
none tmpfs 1058932 0 1058932 0% /lib/init/rw
/dev/xvda1 ext3 240972 19246 209285 9% /boot
/dev/xvdc1 reiserfs 26209180 32840 26176340 1% /reiserfstest
VFAT is an extension of the FAT file system and was introduced with Windows 95. VFAT maintains backward compatibility with FAT but relaxes the rules. For example, VFAT filenames can contain up to 255 characters, spaces, and multiple periods. Although VFAT preserves the case of filenames, it's not considered case sensitive
Remove and rebuild journal
fsck -y -C /dev/sda$
tune2fs -O ^has_journal /dev/sda$
fsck -y -C /dev/sda$
tune2fs -j /dev/sda$
fsck -y -C /dev/sda$
Used to build a Linux file system on a device, usually a hard disk partition
Handy flags:
-c = Check the device for bad blocks before building the file system
-t fstype - Specifies the type of file system to be built. If not specified, the default file system type (currently ext2) is used.
[voyager] (~) >>> mkfs -t ext3 /dev/xvdc1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
6553600 inodes, 26214055 blocks
1310702 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
800 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.[voyager] (~) >>> mkfs.ext3 /dev/xvdc1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
6553600 inodes, 26214055 blocks
1310702 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296
800 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 37 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
Used to set up a Linux swap area on a device or in a file.
[voyager] (~) >>> mkswap /dev/xvdc1
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 160612 KiB
no label, UUID=d567bb49-6ba2-4618-968c-4d5f0a9294e5
[voyager] (~) >>> swapon /dev/xvdc1
[voyager] (~) >>> swapon -s
Filename Type Size Used Priority
/dev/xvdb1 partition 2096440 0 -1
/dev/xvdc1 partition 160608 0 -2